翻訳と辞書 Words near each other ・ Water supply and sanitation in Syria ・ Water supply and sanitation in Taiwan ・ Water supply and sanitation in Tanzania ・ Water supply and sanitation in the Dominican Republic ・ Water supply and sanitation in the European Union ・ Water supply and sanitation in the Netherlands ・ Water supply and sanitation in the Palestinian territories ・ Water supply and sanitation in the Philippines ・ Water supply and sanitation in the Republic of Ireland ・ Water supply and sanitation in the United Kingdom ・ Water supply and sanitation in the United States ・ Water supply and sanitation in Tunisia ・ Water supply and sanitation in Turkey ・ Water supply and sanitation in Uganda ・ Water supply and sanitation in Uruguay ・ Water supply and sanitation in Venezuela ・ Water supply and sanitation in Vietnam ・ Water supply and sanitation in Yemen ・ Water supply and sanitation in Zambia ・ Water supply and sanitation in Zimbabwe ・ Water supply and women in developing countries ・ Water supply in Afghanistan ・ Water supply in Cambodia ・ Water supply in Miyakojima ・ Water supply in Sierra Leone ・ Water supply in South Sudan ・ Water Supply Museum ・ Water supply network ・ Water supply problems in Caleta Olivia 2014 ・ Water supply terrorism Dictionary Lists mini英和辞書 mini和英辞書 Webster 1913 Latin-English FOLDOC Wikipedia English ウィキペディア

翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Water supply and sanitation in Venezuela ： ウィキペディア英語版 Water supply and sanitation in Venezuela ''This article has last been comprehensively updated in September 2011. Nevertheless, some information may be out of date, since the source material is from earlier years. Please feel free to further update it if need be.'' Water supply and sanitation in Venezuela has been extended to an increasing number of people during the 2000s, although many poor remain without access to piped water. Service quality for those with access is mixed, with water often being supplied only on an intermittent basis and most wastewater not being treated. Non-revenue water is estimated to be high at 62%, compared to the regional average of 40%. Tap water is relatively inexpensive, because of a national tariff freeze imposed in 2003 and a policy not to recover capital costs. Investments are financed primarily by the national government, with little reliance on external financing. The sector remains centralized despite a decentralization process initiated in the 1990s that has now been stalled. Within the executive, sector policies are determined by the Ministry of Environment. The national water company HIDROVEN serves about 80% of the population. The remainder is being served by five state water companies, the Corporación Venezolana de Guayana (CVG), a few municipalities and community-based organizations. Since the early 2000s the government encouraged the creation of about 7,500 ''Mesas Tecnicas del Agua'', which have both a technical function and a political mobilization function.〔(Estado venezolano ha invertido $600 millones para mejorar servicio de agua potable ), Agencia Venezolana de Noticias, 22/03/2011〕 Major investment projects include the restoration of the polluted Valencia Lake and of the Guaire river basin in Caracas (2005–2013).〔(Venezuela cumplió con Metas del Milenio en saneamiento y agua potable ), Agencia Bolivariana de Noticias, 19/03/08〕 ==Access== According to the Ministry of Environment, access to water supply and sanitation has reached 93% in 2008, meaning that Venezuela achieved the UN Millennimum Development Goals for water and sanitation ahead of time.〔 The WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Program's most recent estimates from 2008 are based on the 2001 census results and show that 93% of citizens had access to potable water and 91% had access to sanitation.〔((JMP )/2008).〕 A study for the Corporación Andina de Fomento (CAF), however, estimates based on figures from the 2001 census and HIDROVEN statistics that only 82% of the population had access to an improved source of water in 2001. The same source also quotes a lower coverage figure for sanitation than the WHO (only 66%). According to the same study over 4.2 million people had no access to piped water and 8 million residents did not have access to adequate sanitary facilities in 2001. Rural consumers are particularly under-serviced – only 66% receive potable water and 40% have access to adequate sanitation. In the period 1990-2001 the share of population with access to water supply and sanitation modestly increased from 81% to 82% for water, and 63% to 66% for sanitation.〔CAF 2004, p. 11〕 ''Source'': WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme ((JMP )/2008) and JMP country files for Venezuela. Data are based on an extrapolation of the trend between the 1991 and 2001 Censuses. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Water supply and sanitation in Venezuela」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.